turnpike /ˈtɜː(ɹ)npaɪk/noun 6verb 1forms 3 noun6 •A frame consisting of two bars crossing each other at right angles and turning on a post or pin, to hinder the passage of animals, but admitting a person to pass between the arms.I moue vpon my axell, like a turne-pike, / Fit my face to the parties, and become / Straight one of them. — 1626 •(US) A toll road, especially a toll expressway. In some places the clipped version, pike, is used for roads without tolls.Eleven Pair of Mills stand within Four Miles of the Place, which bring a great Trade to it: But the Road is by this means so continually torn, that it is one of the worst Turnpikes about London. — 1769 •A gate or bar set across a road to stop carriages, animals, and sometimes people, until a toll is paid.[…] it was rumour’d that an order of the Government was to be issued out, to place Turn-pikes and Barriers on the Road, to prevent Peoples travelling — 1722 •A beam filled with spikes to obstruct passage; a cheval de frise. •A trajectory on a finite time interval that satisfies an optimality criterion which is associated with a cost function.In the monograph we discuss a number of results concerning turnpike properties in the calculus of variations and optimal control which were obtained by the author in the last ten years. — 2006 •(Scotland) A winding stairway. verb1 •To form (a road, etc.) in the manner of a turnpike road, or into a rounded form, as the path of a road. formsturnpiked · turnpiking · turnpikes
