localism

noun7

1. •
   Attachment to or preference for a particular local place, especially the place where one lives; hence, feelings, opinions, or policies which emphasize or focus on local phenomena; (countable) an instance of this.
2. •
   The policy or practice of giving more control and decision-making power to local authorities or residents, rather than to the central government; also, support for this.

   • Localism may strengthen not just the selfless (eg, people who want to build a village hall) but also the selfish (who want to stop any new building in their backyard). — 2010
3. •
   A thing which is characteristic of a particular local place.
4. •
   A linguistic feature such as a word or phrase that is unique to a locality.
5. •
   The belief that language functions are localized to various parts of the brain.
6. •
   An approach to understanding linguistic expressions in terms of movement and position (sometimes abstract; for example, one who is hungry is said to be in a notional "space" of hunger).
7. •
   (historical) The belief that fevers or diseases causing them originate from particular organs or parts of the body, or are due to conditions in a particular local place where patients live.