speciation

noun3

1. •
   The process by which new distinct species evolve.

   • In both groups, however, we find copious and intricate speciation so that, often, species limits are narrow and ill defined. — 1992
2. •
   The formation of different (inorganic) species (especially of ions) as the environment changes.
3. •
   The determination of which species are present in a fluid or tissue specimen, bacterial culture, or viral culture.