quadrature

noun7

1. •
   The process of making something square; squaring.
2. •
   The calculation of a definite integral by numerical means.

   • The integral is thus given by a variant of the Fejér quadrature with two points at the interval boundaries, namely x₁ = −1 and x_N = 1 analogous to the Lobatto quadratures of the next section. — 2015
3. •
   The act or process of solving an indefinite integral by symbolic means.
4. •
   A situation in which the directions of two celestial bodies (or a celestial body and the Sun) form a right angle from the perspective of the observer.

   • When the Moon is in quadrature, it appears in the sky as a half-moon.
5. •
   The condition in which the phase angle between two alternating quantities is 90°.

   • If ν_(IN) has 50% duty-cycle, then the outputs are in quadrature. — 2008
6. •
   The act or process of constructing a square that has the same area as a given plane figure, or of computing that area.
7. •
   A painting painted on a wooden panel.