magnitude

noun8

1. •
   The absolute or relative size, extent or importance of something.

   • And on a programme of works of this magnitude, passengers will need to be mindful of the age-old maxim of 'no gain without pain'. — 2020
2. •
   Of a vector, the norm, most commonly, the two-norm.
3. •
   A number, assigned to something, such that it may be compared to others numerically
4. •
   A measure of the energy released by an earthquake (e.g. on the Richter scale).
5. •
   An order of magnitude.
6. •
   A logarithmic scale of brightness defined so that a difference of 5 magnitudes is a factor of 100.
7. •
   The apparent brightness of a star, with lower magnitudes being brighter; apparent magnitude
8. •
   A ratio of intensity expressed as a logarithm.

   • Observations in the infrared domain allow one to penetrate the ~25-30 magnitudes of extinction present at visible wavelengths. — 2005