endosteum UK /ɛnˈdɒsti.əm/US /ɛnˈdɑsti.əm/ noun1 •A membranous vascular layer of cells which line the medullary cavity of a bone; an internal periosteum.The periosteum is constrained and interrupted by tendons, ligaments, and fibrocartilage, whereas the endosteum is awash with hematopoitic bone marrow[…]. — 2011 formsendostea · endosteums