endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography noun1 •A specialized procedure that combines endoscopy and X-ray imaging to both diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. An endoscope is passed through the mouth into the duodenum, where contrast dye is injected into the ducts and visualized using fluoroscopy. formsendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies