dictum

noun4

1. •
   An authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying; a maxim, an apothegm.

   • […]a dictum which he had heard an economics professor once propound[…] — 1949
2. •
   A judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case, and are not involved in it.
3. •
   The report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it.
4. •
   An arbitrament or award.