choledocholithotomy /koʊˌliːdoʊˌkɒləˌθɒtəmi/ noun1 •A surgical procedure involving incision of the common bile duct to remove obstructing biliary calculi in a case of choledocholithiasis.Two months later, he opened the duct of another patient and took out gallstones – the first choledocholithotomy. — 1997 formscholedocholithotomies