cartogram

noun2

1. •
   A map-like graph where the relative areas of graph regions are proportional not to the relative areas of the land regions they represent, but rather to another quantitative variable, such as population or gross domestic product.
2. •
   (old-fashioned) A map used to indicate geographically-bound statistical information, typically region-by-region values of a given variable, for example by using different shadings for different ranges of values.

   • […] whether, however, two states with these respective ratios do not consequently sufficiently differ […] as to warrant distinction in the cartogram, is open to question. — 1888