analysis

noun7

1. •
   a careful study of something by looking at each of its parts separately
2. •
   The result of such a process.
3. •
   The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.
4. •
   The analytical study of melodies, harmonies, sequences, repetitions, variations, quotations, juxtapositions, and surprises.
5. •
   Psychoanalysis.
6. •
   A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more.
7. •
   Proof by deduction from known truths.