mammillary body noun1 •One of a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the human brain, that act as a relay for impulses coming from the amygdalae and hippocampi to the thalamus, and (as part of the diencephalon) form part of the limbic system.The mammillary body is the most posterior part of the hypothalamus; there exist medially large and small cell divisions. — 2004 formsmammillary bodies