horse chestnut UK /ˌhɔːs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/US /ˌhɔɹs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ noun2 •Any of several tree species of genus Aesculus, especially Aesculus hippocastanum, common in temperate northern hemisphere. •The large nutlike seed of these trees. formshorse chestnuts · horse-chestnuts