cytokine UK /ˈsaɪ.tə(ʊ)(ˌ)kaɪn/US /ˈsaɪ.təˌkaɪn/ noun1 •Any of various small regulatory proteins that regulate the cells of the immune system.A fundamental feature expressed by the vast majority of cytokines is a profound immunomodulatory activity. Many cytokines, presently available in pure recombinant form, modify bone cell metabolism. — 1991 formscytokines