allosome UK /ˈal.əˌsəʊm/US /ˈæl.əˌsoʊm/ noun1 •A sex chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, or behaviour.The human sex chromosomes are a typical pair of allosomes. The X chromosome is present in the ovum, while either X or Y chromosomes can be present in sperm. formsallosomes